{"id":23530,"date":"2018-04-10T09:00:57","date_gmt":"2018-04-10T08:00:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.redpepper.org.uk\/?p=23530"},"modified":"2023-12-07T14:37:39","modified_gmt":"2023-12-07T14:37:39","slug":"reforming-has-done-nothing-thats-why-im-an-anarchist","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.redpepper.org.uk\/culture-media\/stage-screen\/reforming-has-done-nothing-thats-why-im-an-anarchist\/","title":{"rendered":"&#8216;Reforming has done nothing. That\u2019s why I\u2019m an anarchist.&#8217; An interview with Benjamin Zephaniah"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Benjamin Zephaniah is still angry. The legendary novelist, actor, playwright, poet and musician has spent a career raging against the racist machine \u2013 and he&#8217;s not about to stop any time soon. As a young black man growing up in the 70s and 80s, he saw more than his share of police violence and spent a stint in prison himself. Those experiences informed a body of work which pulls no punches in its critique of institutional racism.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For Benjamin, success didn&#8217;t come easy. He left school at thirteen, gaining a reputation as a wordsmith on the dub poetry scene before publishing his first book of poetry by the age of just 22. The following year, police stop and search brutality gave rise to the Brixton Riots of 1981. Benjamin was in the thick of it, and chronicled those experiences in the 1983 album, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rasta.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018<\/span>When I was picked up by white police officers I told them they were being racist, so they sent in a black officer to beat me instead. Could I tell a black copper he was being racist? He was with the institution. It happened a lot back then. They\u2019d just jump out the car and beat me up and drive off. That\u2019s why we had a lot of riots.&#8217; The<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.runnymedetrust.org\/histories\/index.php?mact=OralHistories,cntnt01,default,0&amp;cntnt01qid=60&amp;cntnt01returnid=20\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Scarman Report<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the time concluded the police were not racist <\/span>\u2013<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> rather, the black community harboured the dangerous misbelief that they were being treated unfairly by the institution.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Benjamin speaks about this incident on the album track, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dis Policeman Keeps Kicking me to Death<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Lord Scarman Dub) with the lyrics:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>I am living in de ghetto<br>trying to do my best<br>when dis policeman tells me<br>I&#8217;m under damn arrest<br>Him beat me so badly<br>I was on the floor<br>him said if I don&#8217;t plead guilty<br>him gwan kick me more<br>I was feeling sick, I pleaded RACIST ATTAC<span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">K<\/span><br><span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">another policeman come<\/span> <span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">to finish me off<\/span><br><span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">dis one was black <\/span><br><span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">In dis war we have traitors<\/span><br><span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">who don\u2019t think to sell you out <\/span><br><span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">In dis war der are people<\/span><br><span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">who refuse to hear de shout<\/span><br><span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">for human rights to be regarded<\/span><br><span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">as a basic right<\/span><br><span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">Still dis policeman kicks me<\/span><br><span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">every day and every night<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He notes that the recent influx of deportation stories circulated by UK news media show how little has changed since those times. From the<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/news\/uk\/home-news\/grenfell-tower-victim-family-home-office-immigration-uk-stop-enter-khadija-khalloufi-karim-amal-a8202881.html\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">relatives of migrant victims<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of Grenfell Tower fighting to extend visas so they can see through the<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.grenfelltowerinquiry.org.uk\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">public inquiry<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 to former members of<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/uk-news\/2018\/feb\/21\/ive-been-here-for-50-years-the-scandal-of-the-former-commonwealth-citizens-threatened-with-deportation\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Commonwealth<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> nations living under the radar from fear of deportation: institutional racism, he said, is still here.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Benjamin himself is a patron of the<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.chagossupport.org.uk\/single-post\/2015\/12\/8\/John-Pilger-Benjamin-Zephaniah-join-Chagossian-call-for-justice\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">UK Chagos Support Association<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which was launched in aid of \u2018illegal\u2019 islanders who have lived most their lives in the UK. He said the UK\u2019s treatment of them is \u2018shameful\u2019 and proves the system was built to start as it meant to go on. Another reason, he said, for it to be dismantled and rebuilt.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018I find it really astonishing and depressing that racism is still here. We had movements around Thatcher and racism and sexism in the eighties. By the 90s, I thought \u201cit\u2019s calmed down a bit<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d<\/span><\/span>. But suddenly, it\u2019s just got worse. We\u2019ve gone back. It\u2019s unbelievable. &nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018<\/span>So it\u2019s crazy when people say the system isn\u2019t racist, because it\u2019s built on racism, it\u2019s built on empire and its wealth has been gained from racism. And when you get people who are defensive and say it doesn\u2019t exist, maybe it\u2019s because sometimes, they\u2019re guilty of it themselves?\u2019<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When riots erupted across the UK in 2011, many drew parallels to the 80s era experienced by a young Zephaniah: a time when rioters cited police violence and discrimination as key reasons for their participation. But when Channel 4 asked him to write a poem about why people riot, he decided to do the opposite: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018<\/span>I decided to write about <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">why<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> they <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">don\u2019t<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> riot instead, so I told them:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">You don\u2019t riot if you have a nice job<\/span><br><span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">and a home to come to at night<\/span><br><span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">You don\u2019t riot if you\u2019re well fed<\/span><br><span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">and unemployment doesn\u2019t pressure your head.<\/span><br><span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">You don\u2019t riot if you live in the city<\/span><br><span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">but have a country cottage with a view so pretty.<\/span><br>Y<span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">ou don\u2019t riot.<\/span><br><span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">Riot happen too late.<\/span><br><span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">And that\u2019s South Africa,<\/span><br><span class=\"m_4827617896341633200size\">Britain is great.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center rp-full-width rp-quote has-grey-color has-pale-1-background-color has-text-color has-background has-antonio-font-family\" style=\"padding-top:2%;padding-right:2%;padding-bottom:2%;padding-left:2%;font-size:clamp(1.743rem, 1.743rem + ((1vw - 0.2rem) * 1.571), 3rem);\">It\u2019s crazy that people say the system isn\u2019t racist, because it\u2019s built on empire and its wealth has been gained from racism<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He notes that anti-immigrant propaganda spun by the mainstream media pits poverty-stricken white working class people against<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.uk-bame.com\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">BAME<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> communities. This is why, he said, unity has the power to defy such divisions and prevent the empowerment of institutionally racist structures. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018<\/span>White marginalised communities are the ones we should be uniting with. Making us hate each other is a conscious method of divide and rule. It means those in power won\u2019t have to set up black and white armies because we would already have divided ourselves. So the last thing they want is for poor people from black and white communities to unite and say, \u201cshit, we\u2019ve got the same oppressor<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d<\/span>.\u2019<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018<\/span>But when you speak to people in the BNP and the National Front, you realise they\u2019re just poor little white kids. And when you ask them \u201cwhat is it you want?<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d<\/span> They\u2019ll reply, \u201cwe just want somewhere to hang out and play, like in a community centre \u2013 and those guys over there said if we follow them, we can.<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d<\/span><\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is exactly what Hitler did. He\u2019d say: \u201clook at how downtrodden Germany is; follow me and I\u2019ll make you great again\u201d.\u2019<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In fact, he said, a former neo-Nazi who fought him on the streets of east London got in touch once to say he\u2019d become a Buddhist monk \u2013 a spirituality with echoes of Benjamin&#8217;s own Rastafarianism. But when it comes to uniting against a common enemy, he said racists can also be reformed in other constructive ways.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018<\/span>When I<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/52607520\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">meditate<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, I feel connected with the trees, the animals and everything around us. I feel like I\u2019m part of them, that we\u2019re all one. But when you\u2019re arguing politically, you can\u2019t exactly tell someone, \u201cyou need to go meditate because you\u2019re a fucking racist<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d<\/span>. Reforming racists is more effective when it\u2019s coming from someone who used to be one. It\u2019s a bit like when I go into prisons. I don\u2019t lecture prisoners. I tell them I was a prisoner too. It\u2019s how I use my energy to fight the system.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018<\/span>Seriously though, the solution to getting rid of systematic racism is to tear it down. I\u2019m a revolutionary and these institutions, including the police, need to be fucking disbanded, torn down, and we need to start again. &nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018<\/span>Not many people talk about revolution like me though because most are reformists. But there\u2019s lots of different ways of having a revolution, though no one can really imagine what it looks like until it happens. Look at the Arab spring: some of it was successful, some of it less, and it began in Tunisia of all places.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018<\/span>Revolutions have started because of poets or because somebody spoke up at just the right time when everybody else had just had enough. What we need is a grand swell of people saying, okay, we recognise all the other stuff we\u2019re trying is not working.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018<\/span>But they keep going on about reforming. Reforming does nothing. That\u2019s why I\u2019m an anarchist. I really sincerely believe this \u2013 but we will have a revolution in Britain one day.\u2019<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Benjamin Zephaniah speaks to Anu Shukla about poetry, policing, the ongoing fight against racism<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":57,"featured_media":41835,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[103,244,2543],"tags":[2788,2789],"class_list":["post-23530","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-books","category-race-racism","category-stage-screen","tag-anu-shukla","tag-benjamin-zephaniah"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>&#039;Reforming has done nothing. 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